Factors of Collapse and Ruin of the Ottoman Empire

Abstract

The Ottoman Empire was founded in 1299 by Gazi Osman, son of Ertugral. This government reached its culmination during the reign of Sultan Suleiman Qanoni (1520-1566) and collapsed gradually after the the seventeenth century. Finally, the Ottoman Empire disintegrated in the First World War. There were many factors, which led to its collapse, such as intellectual and scietific decadence, couurption, incapability of rulers and the conflict among their successors, religious extremism and radicalism aomng Islamic scholars, corruption in the military, the falering of education system, forgetting the basic and aim for government formation, conflict on getting power within the government, the faltering of the judiciary, the disintegration of geographic area of the government between tribes and nations, campaigns without political and economical strategic value, recession, expansion of underground groups and organizations, tendencey of wesstren civilization and consumerism, prevention of positive reforms in political and military system that threatened the interests of courtiers, the rapid progressof the West and the inequality of Ottoman iwth it, the non-Muslims territories and their threat, opposition to modernity, nationalism, foreign loans, powerful and neocolonialism government in Europe, the animosity of Europeans with the Ottomans, the Ottoman geopolitical situation, cultural imperialism, ambition of establishing a great power, Arab nationalism and the ambition to establish an Arab caliphate finally led to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the first World War.